- Placental Aging:
- After 42 weeks, the placenta may begin to function less efficiently, reducing the oxygen and nutrients delivered to the baby.
- Fetal Distress and Meconium Aspiration:
- A stressed baby is more likely to pass meconium into the amniotic fluid, which can be inhaled during birth, potentially leading to breathing problems.
- Increased Risk of Stillbirth:
- Post-term pregnancies carry a higher risk of stillbirth due to decreased placental function and other complications.
- Labor Complications:
- The baby may grow larger (macrosomia), which can lead to difficulties during labor, increasing the chances of birth injuries, prolonged labor, or the need for a cesarean section.
- Maternal Risks:
- There is an increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage and other complications related to an overextended pregnancy.
These factors are why healthcare providers often consider induction of labor if a pregnancy extends significantly beyond 42 weeks.